Posted by Christopher Wojno
Thu, 27 Dec 2007 22:38:00 GMT
Thanks to my parents over the holidays, I am now a proud owner of an Apple Product: a MacBook. Anyone who has read other articles on my blog knows I’ve been around the operating system block (I’ve used many different operating systems). I am very impressed with the initial start up process. It was up and running in minutes. I am physically unable to express my happiness about not having to re-install Windows to get rid of all the pre-loaded bloat that accompanies just about any other computer you buy from someone. That’s not a problem with Windows, but rather the vendors. Never-the-less nothing is perfect.
Learning Curve
They keys do different things. No big deal. There is a small learning curve about when the Apple key is used and when the control is used.
The application layout also takes some getting used to. I’m familiar with the Windows policy of C:/Program Files and the battle of installing things to D:/Program Files (they really should stop partitioning things and then not changing the default location). I am also familiar with the Linux/Unix policy of /usr/local/bin and /usr/bin. However, Mac, in what may be quite possibly the world’s greatest move ever (though I may speak prematurely here) has created a very very organized way of arranging applications. Each application is stored as a folder with the executable, resources, and configuration files contained in it. It makes getting applications off the ‘net very easy. It’s strange thinking of an application this way. I also thought that many things would be command-line driven. There are many command line counter-parts to most of the utilities (Mac is based on FreeBSD after all), but most things are GUI-based.
Good Stuff
There’s a dashboard application that dims the screen and runs widgets that can do just about everything I care to do with a computer. I really like the sticky notes. They let you put up written notes anywhere on the dashboard.
It’s nice to have a good default music player. Windows Media player is just aweful. It takes me a long time to figure out how to add songs into it when I don’t do it for a few months at a time. I found how to do it in iTunes (without reading a help file) in less than 20 seconds. 2.4GB of music transferred later, I was listening to my songs from my old computer.
The Apple Remote is neat too. No longer must I get up to change the options of a currently playing movie. And using the web camera to pick up the IR, genius. It has a few, but powerful set of buttons: Menu, Fast Forward, Rewind, Volume control, Play and Pause. I was really getting sick of using the XBox for DVD’s. I can actually hear the audio now without the roar of the XBox’s cooling fans. Not having to wait for the wireless controllers to boot is a plus as well. After 10 minutes, they shut down automatically to conserve power. I usually pull the batteries when I’m done starting a movie, however.
I really like that the keyboard lights up. I’ve wanted an illuminated keyboard for a while. Just to prove they’re green, it uses two light detectors embedded in the speaker grill to determine the amount of ambient light. So it shuts off the lights when you can see them, but illuminates when you can’t. The only problem: when you’re logging in, they keyboard will not light up until you’ve actually logged into the computer. Makes it hard to see your keys when you’re entering your password. The screen also dims itself according to the ambient light, so you don’t go blind working in the dark.
I was also impressed that ruby and rails comes with the operating system right out of the box. Good move!
The saga will continue…
Posted in Operating Systems | Tags apple, holiday, Leopard, mac, OSX10.5 | no comments
Posted by Christopher Wojno
Thu, 13 Dec 2007 20:51:00 GMT
UPE wanted to hold a Freshman Unix Talk to introduce new students to USC’s shared computing resources. It is to help them understand the system so they can program their assignments with it and not pull out their hair in the process. Naturally, I jumped at the opportunity to give the talk.
It is an overview of Unix as an operating system from the user’s perspective. So I’ve included some charts of commonly used programs.
I gave this talk a few months back and had forgotten to post it here.
You’re free to use it so long as I remain credited and you don’t make any money from it.
Freshman Unix Talk
Posted in How-Tos, Operating Systems | Tags cheatsheet, freshman, guide, talk, unix, upe | no comments
Posted by Christopher Wojno
Wed, 08 Aug 2007 05:38:00 GMT
I’m writing about my transition from Windows to FreeBSD with the hopes that you will enjoy my journey or attempt to enter the larger world of operating systems yourself. I understand if you are busy or can’t endure a switch (due to work or school). I made my switch over a Winter break, I encourage you to take your time if you decide to try. In the meanwhile, enjoy.
The Road at my Back
I was like you once. I had used Windows 3.1, 98, 98SE (__ it), ME (see 98SE), and XP all my life (well, since I was 6-7 and as they appeared). Unix was some big mainframe server running the Internet and was attended to by vampiric, cave-dwelling programmers, Linux was a cult of Unix wannabes who landed slightly above the Unix folk on the afraid-of-people scale. It’s not nice to stereotype! At least those were my notions until my friend told me OSX (Darwin) was essentially a modified FreeBSD distribution (AKA: Unix). Today I use all three genres of operating systems as they suit me. If you’re thinking of moving away from your current operating system to something else, fear not; it’s not that hard.
I’ve been using FreeBSD for quite a few years now (since 2004/2005) as an operating system for my laptop (a Sony Vaio). I dual boot to Windows when need be (various sites require IE, sadly). This was my first foray into the world of non-Windows operating systems. Starting with 5.3, 5.4, 6.1 and finally 6.2, FreeBSD has served dutifully as a stable, reliable, intuitive, and transparent operating system. I am especially fond of that last part. There is no “magic” to this operating system. Everything runs like clock-work and all the components are available to an interested mind.
You can complain about the lack of support iTunes and video and DVD programs, because I never use that stuff anyway (FreeBSD is primarily designed to be a server, not a workstation or recreation station).
Sounds Good
If you need music, use XMMS. It’s the best mp3 player I’ve ever used (I’ve used Windows Media players since version 7, Real Player, and Quicktime). There’s nothing frilly about it. I plays music, PERIOD. Sure you can add more features. Stay away from XMMS2 though. I think it’s a step in the wrong direction for a personal player.
But there is no spyware (and if it is, it’s not obnoxious, but honestly I have not looked at even one line of its source code). You know what I’m talking about, Windows Media player is annoying. I’m confounded every time I want to create a playlist with music on my hard drive. Real player is annoying, but has a better playlist feature than Windows Media player. The reporting and pop-ups and use of IE really annoys me though. Quicktime is less annoying than the previous two, but still annoying. So if you want music for FreeBSD, XMMS is not the only choice, but it’s my choice. They also have some command-line players which work well if you’re a purist. If the developers at XMMS had bungled the interface as badly as Windows Media Player, I would be using that now. But I like XMMS’ UI.
A Window Manager even I Could Love
Speaking of UI’s, the primary reason I wanted to move away from Windows concerned usability. I’m very demanding when it comes to how I get things done. I just don’t like that layout and behavior that the Windows window manager uses (it slows me down and stops me when I don’t care to be stopped); unfortunately for Windows users, you have little flexibility with the behavior. I fell in love with FreeBSD (well, Unix and Linux in general) because, for the first time, I had a choice how I wanted my windows to behave.
Have you ever launched a program, and were then repeatedly assaulted with pop-up windows asking for your input? If you’re like me, you launch a few programs that you’ll need all at once and wait for them to load. So if I needed to browse files, edit the HTML, and view my work, I’d hit control-E, control-R, type notepad, then double-click the Firefox icon. Most of the time, Firefox will take approximately 45 seconds to load. At which time, I would be editing my HTML, only to be interrupted as Firefox steals the focus. You know what happens next, Firefox has what you intended to type into the HTML. Very annoying.
My favorite window manager is XFCE4. It’s light-weight compared to other managers and does a good job of getting out of your way when you really need to work. You can even set it to spawn without them stealing focus. I’d like it to spawn windows UNDER the old windows, but I’ll take a partial victory. The newer versions are starting to get complicated again. They made their own file browser (Explorer in Windows) called Thunar which I couldn’t stand for more than 5 minutes. I’d rather use the terminal (but I’ve never liked graphical directory browsers, I’m just strange). I like being able to issue commands or execute programs while I’m looking at the files. Call me old fashioned… Here’s the great part: you don’t need, nor are you mandated to install Thunar! Just go about your business. This is the common strength of Unix/Linux: if you don’t like something, don’t use it. The default software is adequate for performing every task. It might not be pretty or the most efficient, but you can get the job done with little hassle.
What’s this Do!?
Ports: the programs of FreeBSD. The folks nice enough to write programs for FreeBSD, for free, are also kind enough to make them easy to install and manage with ports. Don’t let the name fool or scare you. They are just programs wrapped up in an installer. For some reason, they are called “ports,” probably because the software was written for other operating systems and “ported” over to FreeBSD or vice versa. FreeBSD lists all the ports and heaping spoonfuls of information at their site. Want to find a program? Look no further! Odds are, anything you need is already in that list. The best part is, they’re all free to use! I don’t know where they find the time to make them, but I sure am glad they do.
Not all Good
I’ve had my share of problems: internal WiFi card causes a kernel panic (despite custom drivers), rare (once every 6-8 months) inability to launch XFCE4 without hitting a black screen of death (system is unresponsive), the inability to access a Flash player (even with Linux emulation, see the next reason), and finally the inability to use the 3D accelerator (OpenGL) on the laptop’s graphics card. As of 2007/09/09 I fixed OpenGL, turned out to be a configuration error. FreeBSD just got better! That is my conclusive list of peeves. Mind that this is a laptop and it has lots of custom hardware to be “energy efficient” and “compact.” I suspect (but have not verified), that the desktop support for hardware is more accomodating.
Hope: There is Help
While the package management is no where near as brain dead as that of Gentoo (2.6.19), it’s still very usable, if you have the time to read and understand what you need to do. Of course, the FreeBSD Handbook offers loads of useful and reliable information for anyone that needs to have key concepts explained (trust me, I used it quite a bit). If you’re new to Unix, that’s a great place to start; however, the best way is to get your hands dirty. Find an old box (256MB of memory is generous for FreeBSD, you can do much with very little with FreeBSD) and start playing.
While I’ve never made use of the various chatrooms, I’ve seen references to various IRC channels concerning Unix and Linux enthusiasts. You can probably ask questions there, though the FAQ’s and Handbooks are more likely to answer your questions faster.
Not the End
As I said, I’ve been using FreeBSD for years now and I do not plan to retire it any time soon. As a matter of fact, I can’t wait for 7, which has native serial support (so I can plug my microelectronics into the ports directly and configure them, if you were curious).
If you decide to take the plunge, try FreeBSD. It has a steep learning curve, but the results are spectacular. If you are satisfied with your current operating system, I encourage you to try it any way. Maybe you will discover something you never thought possible? My real hope is that you discover how you can task more effectively. Fear not the command line, it is your friend (well, it’s mine).
Posted in Operating Systems | Tags background, freebsd, story, windows, xmms | no comments
